Chapter 15 construction survey procedures 1501 general in performing construction surveying, preparation is a major part of the operation. It presents the various methods of surveying and the underlying concepts of surveying, including modern and advanced surveying techniques and instruments such as total station. Finance and investing the hedge fund industrys top. Surveying is the most important, oldest practice carried out, which includes, taking of measurements on, below or above the surface of the ground and to plan the course of further actions, based on the findings of the survey. To survey an open field by chain survey in order to calculate the area of the open field.
A total station integrates the functions of a theodolitefor measuring angles, an edm for measuring distances, digital data and information recording. Total station and its applications in surveying gis resources. Examples of total stations are the nikon dtm 801, topcon and geodimeter400 series examples. Total station, gis and remote sensing satheesh gopi, r. In spite of this he worked tirelessly on the project but, sadly, was overcome before this edition came to press. Even with the use of digital data collectors, field books are utilized for sketches and recording of horizontal and vertical measurements.
Traditionally they are manual instruments that come in two types transit, which rotates in a full circle in the. Theodolite and total station, as only civil engineers or students would know, are land surveying instruments used to deduce information about the plot under consideration for construction buildings, bridges, roads, highways, dams, etc. Theodolites are essential surveying instruments used for the measurement of horizontal and vertical angles. Types of surveying on the basis of whether the curvature of the earth is taken into account or not,surveying can be divided into two main categories. Chapter 9 total station system tss survey specification. It is an electronic transit theodolite integrated with electronic distance measurement edm to measure both vertical and horizontal angles and the slope distance from the instrument to a particular point, and an onboard computer to collect data and perform.
A total station ts or total station theodolite tst is an electronicoptical instrument used for surveying and building construction. Advantages of using total stations the following are some of the major advantages of using total station over the conventional surveying instruments. A total station has the same functionality as a theodolite, except for some other abilities that make it a better mousetrap. These methods are total station ts, global positioning system gps, and terrestrial laser scaner tls. Level, total station, tachometer, sextant, abbey level. It is also used by archaeologists to record excavations as well as by police, crime scene investigators, private. You may have to level the total station first as shown on screen. Theodolites are similar to total stations, except that the total stations are used when the distances. Choose from used and new textbooks or get instant access with etextbooks and digital materials. Notekeeping and field books surveyors rely on their field notes for explaining their work in the field to people who may not have seen the project at all. Setup total station at a point on traverse center and level, and hold reflection rod at another point not the diagonal point. A total station is an electronicoptical instrument used in modern surveying. The term recycled plastic lumber rpl may also be applied to this product category, as the most common material used in the manufacture of plastic lumber,highdensity polyethylene hdpe, is obtained from the recycling of postconsumer waste such as milk jugs and detergent bottles read this. Point telescope at the reflection mirror and press distance.
It is used for acquiring topographic data digitally and further transferring data to computer systems for creating digital terrain models dtm. Surveying instrumentation, particularly robotic total stations with automatic target recognition, re. Total station system tss survey specification highway surveying manual page 93 january 2005 total station system tss survey specification 903. Surveying ae aee ace academy handwritten notes pdf free download for tspsc appsc assistant engineer government jobs exams.
Study the contract plans, special provisions, standard plans, standard specifications, the. Survey field procedures manual prepared by the division of. Our membership portal is fully automated and secured connection encrypted which will just take few seconds after. It is also integrated with microprocessor, electronic data collector and storage system. Since the publication of the fourth edition of this book, major changes have occurred in the following areas. Capability of a total station important operations of total station distance measurement angle measurements data processing display electronic book uses of total station advantages of using total stations a. A few weeks after we started work, wilf was diagnosed with cancer. The latest theodolites have infrared distance measuring devices, for which regular infrared inspection is essential. Modern surveying is unimaginable without the use of electronic equipment and information technology. Definition surveying is the art of measuring distances, angles, and positions above, on or below the earths surface. After explaining the basic survey operations, triangulation and trilateration, the book describes the various adjustment methods applied to survey measurement in detail, which is followed by topographic. Total station is a surveying equipment combination of electromagnetic distance measuring instrument and electronic theodolite.
From then on all point measurements will be set according to utm. It is an imperative requirement in the planning and execution of nearly every form of construction. When th is changed make sure you hit the ok function key. Time expended for gps rtk was recorded as time required for the reference base and for the rover. From the station a the length of all the opposite corners such as ac, ad and ae are measured with a chain and the longest distance is considered for laying off the main chain line.
Data can be downloaded from the total station to a computer and application software used to compute results and generate a map of the surveyed area. Total station, tripod, pin, plumb bob, reflection rod, and field book lab procedure a. Total station a total station integrates the functions of a theodolitefor measuring angles, an edm for measuring distances, digital data and information recording. Here in we have gathered some pdf lectures on surveying. Total stations for surveying, construction, and mapping. The relative positions of points are located by means of measuring distances, directions. Chandra a m, plane surveying, new age international pvt. Thus, the required total time with the total station was 168 min 2 hours and 28 min. Leveling the total station leveling the total station must be accomplished to sufficient accuracy otherwise the instrument will not report results leveling the instrument takes 30 to 45 minutes make sure you can see all targets from the instrument station before going through the process.
Surveying instruments theodolites bright hub engineering. Pdf ce6404 surveying ii books, lecture notes, 2marks with. Total station setup and operation university of south alabama. Schofield 6th edition this is the sixth edition of wilf scho. Also the sum of the angles of a plane triangle and the sum of the angles in a spherical triangle differ by 1 second for a triangle on the earths surface having an area of 196 km2. Total station in surveying operation, uses and advantages. Oct 08, 2014 download fundamentals of surveying by s. Types of surveying on the basis of whether the curvature of the earth is taken into account or not, surveying can be divided into two main categories. Total station tacheometer laser and surveying instruments mail. Surveying is a very important part of civil engineering. The total station is an electronic theodolite transit integrated with. Surveying with gps, total station and terresterial laser. A theodolite uses a movable telescope to measure angles in both the horizontal and vertical planes. Examples of total stations are the nikon dtm 801, topcon and geodimeter400 series examples of usage general purpose angle and distance measurements.
Total station full information free notes pdf download. Total station setup and operation university of south. It also highlights some of the modern developments in geomatics. Total station, global positioning system selection from advanced surveying. Introduction to engineering surveying ce 5 levellingtheory. Troubleshooting the rem measurement the only numerical input is the target height so make sure that is entered correctly. Selection of traverse definition a traverse is a series of straight lines called traverse legs. Total station surveying topography scribd read books. At a later stage, surveying techniques are used in the dimensional control or setting out of the designed constructional elements and also in the monitoring of deformation movements. Total station is a compact instrument and weighs 50 to 55 n. Surveying complete pdf notes download zone smartzworld.
Edm measuring the distance from a to b using total station 1. What are the differences between theodolite and total station. Highway surveying manual page 151 january 2005 chapter 15 construction survey procedures 1501 general in performing construction surveying, preparation is a major part of the operation. By sending out laser pulses, total stations can record more accurate information over longer distances than a theodolite. Leveling systems are fitted for accurate installation of theodolites. A total station is a modern surveying instrument that integrates an electronic theodolite with an electronic distance meter. It is a basic course for all universities for civil engineers. Your field book shall be kept neat and orderly as it will be collected and graded periodically throughout the quarter. Lecturer of surveying the islamic university of gaza introduction. Total station tacheometer laser and surveying instruments. Lumberlike products with a plastic content of 50 percent or more are referred to as plastic lumber. Data collected and processed in a total station can be downloaded to computers for further processing. Spring 2016 field book university of colorado boulder.
Surveying with conventional systems has been completely replaced with advanced automated systems. This comprehensive textbook on surveying covers, in a single volume, all the topics prescribed at the undergraduate level in civil engineering in india. Surveying has been an essential element in the development of the human environment for so many centuries. Advanced surveying mathematics that applies to land surveying profession. Elhallaq lecturer of surveying the islamic university of gaza introduction. It is also used by archaeologists to record excavations as well as by police, crime scene investigators, private accident reconstructionists and insurance companies to take measurements of scenes. We hope students all over the world will find it helpful. It combines the modern theodolite with the functions of an auto level and electronic distance meter. The instrument can be used to measure horizontal and vertical angles as well as sloping distance of object to the instrument. Total station is the advanced surveying instrument in the field of engineering survey used for smarter surveying. In engineering surveying, either or both of the above formats may be utilized in the planning, design and construction of works, both on the surface and underground.
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